Alt text: a practical guide
We end up explaining this on discovery calls often enough that it deserved writing down. This guide covers what alt text actually…
3 min read
Articles
The engineering library
120 evergreen guides on software engineering, systems architecture, cloud and platform work, data, mobile, security, and running technical projects without them running you. No dates, because none of it expires.
Analytics setup: a practical guide
It comes up on almost every project, usually later than it should. This guide covers what analytics setup actually involves, where it…
3 min read
Monoliths and microservices: a practical guide
It comes up on almost every project, usually later than it should. This guide covers what monoliths and microservices actually involves,…
3 min read
Infrastructure as code: a practical guide
It comes up on almost every project, usually later than it should. This guide covers what infrastructure as code actually involves,…
3 min read
Writing for the web: a practical guide
Every audit we run turns up some version of this. This guide covers what writing for the web actually involves, where it usually goes…
3 min read
Data modelling: a practical guide
We end up explaining this on discovery calls often enough that it deserved writing down. This guide covers what data modelling actually…
3 min read
Responsive layout: a practical guide
This is cheap to get right at the start and expensive to retrofit. This guide covers what responsive layout actually involves, where it…
3 min read
Semantic HTML: a practical guide
The gap between knowing this and actually doing it is where most teams lose ground. This guide covers what semantic HTML actually…
3 min read
Product pages: a practical guide
This is cheap to get right at the start and expensive to retrofit. This guide covers what product pages actually involves, where it…
3 min read
Native and cross-platform mobile: a practical guide
Teams tend to reach for this after something has already gone wrong. This guide covers what native and cross-platform mobile actually…
3 min read
Core Web Vitals: a practical guide
Most teams know this matters. Fewer have decided who owns it. This guide covers what Core Web Vitals actually involves, where it usually…
3 min read
Keyword research: a practical guide
This is cheap to get right at the start and expensive to retrofit. This guide covers what keyword research actually involves, where it…
3 min read
HTTPS and SSL: a practical guide
The gap between knowing this and actually doing it is where most teams lose ground. This guide covers what HTTPS and SSL actually…
3 min read
Project scoping: a practical guide
The gap between knowing this and actually doing it is where most teams lose ground. This guide covers what project scoping actually…
3 min read
Keyboard navigation: a practical guide
There is no clever trick in this one, just a handful of decisions worth making deliberately. This guide covers what keyboard navigation…
3 min read
Conversion tracking: a practical guide
This is one of those topics that looks small until it costs you something. This guide covers what conversion tracking actually involves,…
3 min read
Event-driven architecture: a practical guide
It comes up on almost every project, usually later than it should. This guide covers what event-driven architecture actually involves,…
3 min read
Container orchestration: a practical guide
We end up explaining this on discovery calls often enough that it deserved writing down. This guide covers what container orchestration…
3 min read
Headline writing: a practical guide
The version of this that works is simpler than the version most people imagine. This guide covers what headline writing actually…
3 min read
ETL pipelines: a practical guide
The version of this that works is simpler than the version most people imagine. This guide covers what ETL pipelines actually involves,…
3 min read
Design systems: a practical guide
The advice here is unglamorous, which is probably why it gets skipped. This guide covers what design systems actually involves, where it…
3 min read
CSS architecture: a practical guide
The version of this that works is simpler than the version most people imagine. This guide covers what CSS architecture actually…
3 min read
The checkout flow: a practical guide
The gap between knowing this and actually doing it is where most teams lose ground. This guide covers what the checkout flow actually…
3 min read
App store review: a practical guide
Teams tend to reach for this after something has already gone wrong. This guide covers what app store review actually involves, where it…
3 min read
Image optimization: a practical guide
It is rarely the thing that gets a project approved, and often the thing that decides how it goes. This guide covers what image…
3 min read
Title tags: a practical guide
There is no clever trick in this one, just a handful of decisions worth making deliberately. This guide covers what title tags actually…
3 min read
Password policies: a practical guide
Most teams know this matters. Fewer have decided who owns it. This guide covers what password policies actually involves, where it…
3 min read
Choosing an agency: a practical guide
We end up explaining this on discovery calls often enough that it deserved writing down. This guide covers what choosing an agency…
3 min read
Screen readers: a practical guide
This is cheap to get right at the start and expensive to retrofit. This guide covers what screen readers actually involves, where it…
3 min read
Event tracking: a practical guide
There is no clever trick in this one, just a handful of decisions worth making deliberately. This guide covers what event tracking…
3 min read
Service boundaries: a practical guide
Most teams know this matters. Fewer have decided who owns it. This guide covers what service boundaries actually involves, where it…
3 min read
Serverless: a practical guide
It is rarely the thing that gets a project approved, and often the thing that decides how it goes. This guide covers what serverless…
3 min read
Calls to action: a practical guide
There is no clever trick in this one, just a handful of decisions worth making deliberately. This guide covers what calls to action…
3 min read
A data warehouse: a practical guide
Teams tend to reach for this after something has already gone wrong. This guide covers what a data warehouse actually involves, where it…
3 min read
Web typography: a practical guide
Teams tend to reach for this after something has already gone wrong. This guide covers what web typography actually involves, where it…
3 min read
JavaScript bundle size: a practical guide
The advice here is unglamorous, which is probably why it gets skipped. This guide covers what JavaScript bundle size actually involves,…
3 min read
Cart abandonment: a practical guide
It is rarely the thing that gets a project approved, and often the thing that decides how it goes. This guide covers what cart…
3 min read
Offline-first design: a practical guide
It is rarely the thing that gets a project approved, and often the thing that decides how it goes. This guide covers what offline-first…
3 min read
Lazy loading: a practical guide
It comes up on almost every project, usually later than it should. This guide covers what lazy loading actually involves, where it…
3 min read
Meta descriptions: a practical guide
This is cheap to get right at the start and expensive to retrofit. This guide covers what meta descriptions actually involves, where it…
3 min read
Two-factor authentication: a practical guide
This is cheap to get right at the start and expensive to retrofit. This guide covers what two-factor authentication actually involves,…
3 min read
Setting a website budget: a practical guide
It is rarely the thing that gets a project approved, and often the thing that decides how it goes. This guide covers what setting a…
3 min read
Focus indicators: a practical guide
It comes up on almost every project, usually later than it should. This guide covers what focus indicators actually involves, where it…
3 min read
A/B testing: a practical guide
This is one of those topics that looks small until it costs you something. This guide covers what A/B testing actually involves, where…
3 min read
Idempotency: a practical guide
Teams tend to reach for this after something has already gone wrong. This guide covers what idempotency actually involves, where it…
3 min read
Autoscaling: a practical guide
We end up explaining this on discovery calls often enough that it deserved writing down. This guide covers what autoscaling actually…
3 min read
About pages: a practical guide
The gap between knowing this and actually doing it is where most teams lose ground. This guide covers what about pages actually…
3 min read
Data quality: a practical guide
There is no clever trick in this one, just a handful of decisions worth making deliberately. This guide covers what data quality…
3 min read
Colour contrast: a practical guide
We end up explaining this on discovery calls often enough that it deserved writing down. This guide covers what colour contrast actually…
3 min read
Progressive enhancement: a practical guide
Every audit we run turns up some version of this. This guide covers what progressive enhancement actually involves, where it usually…
3 min read
Payment gateways: a practical guide
Teams tend to reach for this after something has already gone wrong. This guide covers what payment gateways actually involves, where it…
3 min read
Push notifications: a practical guide
This is one of those topics that looks small until it costs you something. This guide covers what push notifications actually involves,…
3 min read
A caching strategy: a practical guide
The gap between knowing this and actually doing it is where most teams lose ground. This guide covers what a caching strategy actually…
3 min read
Internal linking: a practical guide
The version of this that works is simpler than the version most people imagine. This guide covers what internal linking actually…
3 min read
Software updates: a practical guide
This is one of those topics that looks small until it costs you something. This guide covers what software updates actually involves,…
3 min read
Rebuilding versus refreshing: a practical guide
The version of this that works is simpler than the version most people imagine. This guide covers what rebuilding versus refreshing…
3 min read
ARIA labels: a practical guide
It is rarely the thing that gets a project approved, and often the thing that decides how it goes. This guide covers what ARIA labels…
3 min read
Heatmaps: a practical guide
We end up explaining this on discovery calls often enough that it deserved writing down. This guide covers what heatmaps actually…
3 min read
Eventual consistency: a practical guide
There is no clever trick in this one, just a handful of decisions worth making deliberately. This guide covers what eventual consistency…
3 min read
Cloud cost management: a practical guide
The gap between knowing this and actually doing it is where most teams lose ground. This guide covers what cloud cost management…
3 min read
Case studies: a practical guide
Most teams know this matters. Fewer have decided who owns it. This guide covers what case studies actually involves, where it usually…
3 min read
Reporting latency: a practical guide
It is rarely the thing that gets a project approved, and often the thing that decides how it goes. This guide covers what reporting…
3 min read
White space: a practical guide
The gap between knowing this and actually doing it is where most teams lose ground. This guide covers what white space actually…
3 min read
API design: a practical guide
The gap between knowing this and actually doing it is where most teams lose ground. This guide covers what API design actually involves,…
3 min read
Shipping options: a practical guide
The advice here is unglamorous, which is probably why it gets skipped. This guide covers what shipping options actually involves, where…
3 min read
Mobile release cadence: a practical guide
Every audit we run turns up some version of this. This guide covers what mobile release cadence actually involves, where it usually goes…
3 min read
A CDN: a practical guide
The gap between knowing this and actually doing it is where most teams lose ground. This guide covers what a CDN actually involves,…
3 min read
Structured data: a practical guide
We end up explaining this on discovery calls often enough that it deserved writing down. This guide covers what structured data actually…
3 min read
Backups: a practical guide
This is one of those topics that looks small until it costs you something. This guide covers what backups actually involves, where it…
3 min read
Discovery workshops: a practical guide
There is no clever trick in this one, just a handful of decisions worth making deliberately. This guide covers what discovery workshops…
3 min read
Accessible forms: a practical guide
The version of this that works is simpler than the version most people imagine. This guide covers what accessible forms actually…
3 min read
Funnel analysis: a practical guide
This is cheap to get right at the start and expensive to retrofit. This guide covers what funnel analysis actually involves, where it…
3 min read
Caching layers: a practical guide
There is no clever trick in this one, just a handful of decisions worth making deliberately. This guide covers what caching layers…
3 min read
Observability: a practical guide
The advice here is unglamorous, which is probably why it gets skipped. This guide covers what observability actually involves, where it…
3 min read
FAQ pages: a practical guide
There is no clever trick in this one, just a handful of decisions worth making deliberately. This guide covers what FAQ pages actually…
3 min read
Data retention: a practical guide
This is one of those topics that looks small until it costs you something. This guide covers what data retention actually involves,…
3 min read
Visual hierarchy: a practical guide
This is cheap to get right at the start and expensive to retrofit. This guide covers what visual hierarchy actually involves, where it…
3 min read
Database schema design: a practical guide
We end up explaining this on discovery calls often enough that it deserved writing down. This guide covers what database schema design…
3 min read
Product photography: a practical guide
Every audit we run turns up some version of this. This guide covers what product photography actually involves, where it usually goes…
3 min read
Deep linking: a practical guide
The advice here is unglamorous, which is probably why it gets skipped. This guide covers what deep linking actually involves, where it…
3 min read
Font loading: a practical guide
This is cheap to get right at the start and expensive to retrofit. This guide covers what font loading actually involves, where it…
3 min read
XML sitemaps: a practical guide
It is rarely the thing that gets a project approved, and often the thing that decides how it goes. This guide covers what XML sitemaps…
3 min read
Dependency vulnerabilities: a practical guide
It is rarely the thing that gets a project approved, and often the thing that decides how it goes. This guide covers what dependency…
3 min read
User research: a practical guide
We end up explaining this on discovery calls often enough that it deserved writing down. This guide covers what user research actually…
3 min read
Captions and transcripts: a practical guide
This is cheap to get right at the start and expensive to retrofit. This guide covers what captions and transcripts actually involves,…
3 min read
Attribution: a practical guide
Teams tend to reach for this after something has already gone wrong. This guide covers what attribution actually involves, where it…
3 min read
Queues and message brokers: a practical guide
There is no clever trick in this one, just a handful of decisions worth making deliberately. This guide covers what queues and message…
3 min read
Alerting: a practical guide
We end up explaining this on discovery calls often enough that it deserved writing down. This guide covers what alerting actually…
3 min read
Product descriptions: a practical guide
Every audit we run turns up some version of this. This guide covers what product descriptions actually involves, where it usually goes…
3 min read
Master data management: a practical guide
This is cheap to get right at the start and expensive to retrofit. This guide covers what master data management actually involves,…
3 min read
Mobile-first design: a practical guide
Every audit we run turns up some version of this. This guide covers what mobile-first design actually involves, where it usually goes…
3 min read
Version control: a practical guide
The version of this that works is simpler than the version most people imagine. This guide covers what version control actually…
3 min read
Inventory sync: a practical guide
Teams tend to reach for this after something has already gone wrong. This guide covers what inventory sync actually involves, where it…
3 min read
Mobile analytics: a practical guide
The gap between knowing this and actually doing it is where most teams lose ground. This guide covers what mobile analytics actually…
3 min read
Critical CSS: a practical guide
It is rarely the thing that gets a project approved, and often the thing that decides how it goes. This guide covers what critical CSS…
3 min read
Robots.txt: a practical guide
It comes up on almost every project, usually later than it should. This guide covers what robots.txt actually involves, where it usually…
3 min read
Form spam: a practical guide
There is no clever trick in this one, just a handful of decisions worth making deliberately. This guide covers what form spam actually…
3 min read
Competitor analysis: a practical guide
Every audit we run turns up some version of this. This guide covers what competitor analysis actually involves, where it usually goes…
3 min read
Reduced motion: a practical guide
It is rarely the thing that gets a project approved, and often the thing that decides how it goes. This guide covers what reduced motion…
3 min read
Reporting dashboards: a practical guide
The version of this that works is simpler than the version most people imagine. This guide covers what reporting dashboards actually…
3 min read
API versioning: a practical guide
It comes up on almost every project, usually later than it should. This guide covers what API versioning actually involves, where it…
3 min read
Blue-green deployment: a practical guide
We end up explaining this on discovery calls often enough that it deserved writing down. This guide covers what blue-green deployment…
3 min read
Blog cadence: a practical guide
Every audit we run turns up some version of this. This guide covers what blog cadence actually involves, where it usually goes wrong,…
3 min read
Streaming data: a practical guide
Teams tend to reach for this after something has already gone wrong. This guide covers what streaming data actually involves, where it…
3 min read
Landing page structure: a practical guide
There is no clever trick in this one, just a handful of decisions worth making deliberately. This guide covers what landing page…
3 min read
Code review: a practical guide
This is one of those topics that looks small until it costs you something. This guide covers what code review actually involves, where…
3 min read
Product reviews: a practical guide
The version of this that works is simpler than the version most people imagine. This guide covers what product reviews actually…
3 min read
Device testing: a practical guide
Every audit we run turns up some version of this. This guide covers what device testing actually involves, where it usually goes wrong,…
3 min read
Code splitting: a practical guide
It is rarely the thing that gets a project approved, and often the thing that decides how it goes. This guide covers what code splitting…
3 min read
Canonical URLs: a practical guide
There is no clever trick in this one, just a handful of decisions worth making deliberately. This guide covers what canonical URLs…
3 min read
Rate limiting: a practical guide
Every audit we run turns up some version of this. This guide covers what rate limiting actually involves, where it usually goes wrong,…
3 min read
Defining success metrics: a practical guide
There is no clever trick in this one, just a handful of decisions worth making deliberately. This guide covers what defining success…
3 min read
Heading structure: a practical guide
Teams tend to reach for this after something has already gone wrong. This guide covers what heading structure actually involves, where…
3 min read
Session recordings: a practical guide
The gap between knowing this and actually doing it is where most teams lose ground. This guide covers what session recordings actually…
3 min read
Multi-tenancy: a practical guide
The version of this that works is simpler than the version most people imagine. This guide covers what multi-tenancy actually involves,…
3 min read
Secrets management: a practical guide
The advice here is unglamorous, which is probably why it gets skipped. This guide covers what secrets management actually involves,…
3 min read
Content audits: a practical guide
Teams tend to reach for this after something has already gone wrong. This guide covers what content audits actually involves, where it…
3 min read
Data migration: a practical guide
The version of this that works is simpler than the version most people imagine. This guide covers what data migration actually involves,…
3 min read
Navigation design: a practical guide
There is no clever trick in this one, just a handful of decisions worth making deliberately. This guide covers what navigation design…
3 min read
Automated testing: a practical guide
It comes up on almost every project, usually later than it should. This guide covers what automated testing actually involves, where it…
3 min read
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